There are three main styles of Sri Lankan classical dance:
- The Kandyan dances of the Hill Country, known as Uda Rata Natum;
- The low country dances of the southern plains, known as Pahatha Rata Natum;
- Sabaragamuwa dances, or Sabaragamuwa Natum.
Kandyan dance takes its name from Kandy, the last royal capital of Sri Lanka, which is situated about 120 kilometers from the modern capital at Colombo.
This genre is today considered the classical dance of Sri Lanka. In
Sanskrit terminology it is considered pure dance (nrtta); it features a
highly developed system of "tala" (rhythm), provided by cymbals called
"thalampataa". There are five distinct types; the ves, naiyandi,
uddekki, pantheru, and vannams.
The three classical dance forms differ in their styles of
body-movements and gestures, in the costumes worn by the performers, and
in the shape and size of the drums used to provide rhythmic sound patterns to accompany the dancing.
The drum used in Kandyan dancing is known as the Geta Bera,
the drum in Ruhunu dancing as the "Yak Bera", and drum in Sabaragamu
dancing as the "Davula" (the word Bera or Bereya in Sinhale means
"Drum") The Geta Bera is beaten with the hands as is also Yak Bera,
while the Davula is played with a stick on one side and with one hand on
the other side; the Geta Bera has a body which tapers on both sides
while the Yak Bera and the Davula both have cylindrical bodies.
The main distinguishing feature between Kandyan and Sabaragamu dancing, and Ruhunu dancing, is that Ruhunu dancers wear masks.
